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Finance Operations & Software

The numbers and routines behind a well-run finance team: collecting cash, closing the books and forecasting, plus every finance operations and software guide on FintechZoom Pro.

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How fast do customers pay you?

Days sales outstanding (DSO) is the average number of days it takes to collect payment after a sale: accounts receivable divided by credit sales, times the days in the period. A rising DSO ties up cash and can signal collection problems. Faster invoicing and clear payment terms help; seetechnology and invoicing andinvoicing tools for freelancers.

DSO

Days sales outstanding

DSO36 days
Average credit sales per day$3,333

Compare DSO with your payment terms (e.g. 30 days) and with the same period last year.

The month-end close, step by step

Closing the books turns a month of transactions into reliable financial statements.

Step 1 of 5: Record all transactions

Post sales, purchases, payroll and expenses; capture receipts. OCR and automation reduce typing errors: see OCR in document management and manual data entry.

Step 2 of 5: Reconcile accounts

Match the ledger with bank statements, card accounts and sub-ledgers, and investigate differences. See the evolution of account reconciliation.

Step 3 of 5: Post adjustments

Accruals, prepayments, depreciation and corrections, so revenue and costs land in the right period.

Step 4 of 5: Review and flag anomalies

Compare with budget and prior periods; investigate unusual items. See anomaly management.

Step 5 of 5: Report and improve

Produce the income statement, balance sheet and cash flow statement, and track close metrics. See financial close metrics.

Cash forecasting basics

A cash forecast projects money in and out over the coming weeks or months, so you can see a shortfall before it happens. Start from today's bank balance, add expected customer receipts (using realistic collection times, see DSO above) and subtract payroll, rent, suppliers, tax and loan payments. Update it weekly and compare forecasts with what actually happened to improve accuracy. Read why accurate cash forecasting matters,tips for accurate forecasts andmachine learning in cash forecasting.

All Finance Operations & Software guides (29)

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Sources

  1. Manage your finances (U.S. Small Business Administration)
  2. Beginners' guide to financial statements (U.S. SEC)
  3. Recordkeeping for small businesses (IRS)
  4. VAT One Stop Shop (e-commerce and digital services) (European Commission)
  5. Accounting Standards Codification (FASB)
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